Sense of gain

The problem of corruption is intertwined with unhealthy work styles, Xi said at the session. He also called for resolute action to target formalism and bureaucratism, with steps to promote the Party's fine tradition and education in its work style.

Continuous effort must be made to crack down on corruption at the primary level so that the people will have a greater sense of gain during the anti-graft process, he said.

People-centered measures were raised in the communique, such as tackling misconduct in areas related to people's livelihoods, including education and medical care, social security and ecological and environmental protection.

In a case announced recently, Wen Guodong, 53, former vice-governor of Qinghai province, was expelled from the Party and removed from public office. He was found to have acted as a "protective umbrella" for illegal coal mining in the province.

His dereliction of supervision over illicit mining in the Muli coal field in the province's Qilian Mountains led to continuing illegal mining activities in areas where the central government had ordered a halt to mining and restoration of the environment years ago.

Wen initially accepted gifts and banquet invitations from private companies when he first turned toward corruption, and he gradually started taking bribes that amounted to tens of millions of yuan, according to anti-corruption officials.